Unlike previous failed plans, Grouse required the team to memorize blueprints. Norsk Hydro general director Axel Aubert agreed to lend the heavy water to France for the duration of the war, noting that if Germany won the war he would probably be shot. Although the mines and lights remained in place, security at the plant had weakened over the winter. Post author By ; Post date Telugu surnames list; henna ideas foot on norsk hydro ww2; It was the first British airborne operation conducted using Airspeed Horsa gliders, and its target was the Vemork Norsk Hydro chemical plant in Telemark, Norway which produced heavy water for Nazi Germany. The plant was built by norsk hydro and opened in 1911 its main purpose being to fix nitrogen for the production of fertilizer. GlobeNewswire Norsk Hydro: PÅMINNELSE - Invitasjon til Kapitalmarkedsdag 10. desember 2020 The unsuccessful Operation Freshman was mounted the following month by British paratroopers, who were to rendezvous with the Operation Grouse Norwegians and proceed to Vemork. The technology is straightforward. Learn the story of the secret commando raid to destroy Germany's Heavy Water facility. The British were ecstatic at the success of Grouse, and the next phase of the operations began.[12][13]. Although the Vemork plant was originally designed to use mountain water for electrolysis to produce ammonia for nitrogen fertilizer, the plant had recently become the first industrial-scale production site of heavy water in the world. A few may have been salvaged and transported to Germany. The German program had already been handicapped by the Nazi purging of German Jewish physicists and the conscription of others. The raid is the subject of Assault in Norway: Sabotaging the Nazi Nuclear Program (ISBN 9781585747504), a 2002 book by Thomas Gallagher based on interviews with many of the commandos. Norwegian Birger Stromsheim was one … Jens-Anton Poulsson (Swallow and Grouse) wrote The Heavy Water Raid: The Race for the Atom Bomb 1942–1944 (ISBN 9788245808698), a 2009 book. In 1934 at vemork norsk hydro built the first commercial plant capable of producing heavy water as a byproduct of fertilizer production. [24] Its heavy-water contents matched the concentration noted in German records, confirming that the shipment was not a decoy. When norsk hydro began producing heavy. Skis Against the Atom (ISBN 0-942323-07-6) is a first-hand account by Knut Haukelid, one of the Gunnerside raiders who remained behind. 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