Sokoto red goats 37 Map 16. The tail is thin and long. Morphostructure of Mature Balami Sheep. Balami and Uda sheep were obtained from markets in these states. ... Dehorning is an important recommended husbandry practice in sheep and goats to improve animal welfare and safety during handling (EL-Hawari, El Rashidy, & Mahmoud, 2015) and to decrease the risk of traumatic injuries in the flock (Al-Sobayil, 2007; The Epidemiology of brucellosis in East Africa: risk factors and control strategies, Studies on the prevalence and risk factors of cryptosporidiosis, The identification and analysis of bacterial biodiversity of flood water, In horses, flexor tendon lacerations are serious injuries that alter limb conformation and impair limb function. Partial view of the backyard farm with mixed breeds of sheep. WAD sheep had the lowest values (p<0.05) for morphometric traits. Microscopy of fractured samples revealed several toughening mechanisms: delamination and ligament bridging in bending and delamination and microbuckling of the lamellae in compression. The total thickness on both sides ranged from 3 mm to 10 mm with a mean of 6 mm (SD = 1.4 mm). Monocytes was observed only in Ouda ram. Three extant breeds of Nigerian native sheep (Balami: 20; Yankassa: 20 and Uda: 20) of different age group (1-2, 2-3 and 3-4years) were sampled and 5, 25 and 30 animals were sampled per age group respectively. Animals imported from the north dominate the sheep and goat trades, and supply and prices are highly seasonal. Downloadable! Seuls la pintade et le pigeon biset font partie de la faune autochtone et donc toutes les autres espèces furent introduites, la plupart à des moments inconnus dans le passé. Generally, Yankasa sheep had lower values of Ho (0.20), He (0.375) and uHe (0.385) while Balami had higher values of Ho (0.813), He (0.498), and uHe (0.515). The current study provided anatomical guidelines for surgical interference in the frontal and maxillary sinuses during trephination, dehorning and sinuscopy. These parameters included analysis of the stress-state dependence with the horn keratin tested under tension and compression, the anisotropy of the material structure and mechanical behavior, the spatial location along the horn, and the wet-dry horn behavior. Agri Econ. Download Free PDF. 16 FUNAAB INAUGURAL LECTURE SERIES Plate 8: Yankassa Sheep . Zinc sulphate flotation technique and modified McMaster technique was used. Dental treatment issues include inadequate access to the oral cavity, inability to locally anesthetize mandibular posterior teeth, inability to gain access for traditional operative dentistry, and lack of clearance for most oral surgery procedures. The Balami sheep breed is f ound mostly in Borno State. It has an all white coat, convex face with large and droopy ears and long tail. Emergency physicians must understand the consequences of tissue trauma. Balami sheep, Blench RM. Correlation among all body measurements except SW/NC in … A total number of 638 adult sheep comprising of 414 Uda and 224 Balami breeds of sheep were randomly sampled from markets in Osun and Oyo states of South Western Nigeria. Here is The Complete PDF Library Goat And Sheep Fattening Technique In … The Balami sheep is the largest native sheep in Nigeria and is favoured as a stall-fed breed by Muslims throughout the Nigerian Middle Belt. Balami sheep. While 41.22% of Uda sheep were misclassified as Yankasa sheep, 35.35% of Yankasa were wrongly The overall prevalence was 57.14%. We used a surgical navigation system with optoelectronic tracking to measure bone thickness. Camels in Nigeria 52. Price margins between markets reflect the level of traders' commission and storage costs in addition to the direct costs of transport. Particular advances have been made in the rational use of anthelmintics, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory analgesics in sheep and veterinarians and drug licensing authorities must utilise these advances to the benefit of the health of the sheep industry. Saka Saheed Baba. It is a very large local sheep breed in Nigeria and it is mostly reared for meat production and just like the Uda sheep breed, it can survive in very hot and dry environment. Yankasa sheep 34 Map 13. The ages of the animals were estimated by dentition (presence of 2-8 permanent incisors). A total number of 1195 animals comprising 380 Yankasa sheep, 414 Uda sheep, 224 Balami sheep and 177 West African Dwarf sheep were sampled from the traditionally managed flocks in Osun and Oyo states of South Western Nigeria. and Balami. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Now unto him that is able to do exceeding abundantly above all that we can ask or think, according to the power that worketh in us, unto him be glory by Christ Jesus throughout all … Saka Saheed Baba. Principles of. It includes the use of simple imaging and blood testing to assist the diagnosis, the use of medical treatment in the control of the pyometra, a description of the surgical treatment in order to remove the granulosa cell tumour and the subsequent management of the wound dehiscence by. Ears large and droopy the fail is thin and long. Revue d'élevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux. The sorghum stover used for the study was sourced from the Crop Science Farm and the three … 2. While 93.3% of WAD sheep were correctly assigned to their source genetic group, 63.9% of Yankasa, 61.2% of Balami and 45.2% of Uda were classified correctly by nearest neighbour discriminant analysis. The function of the bighorn sheep horn prompted quantification of the various parametric effects important to the microstructure and mechanical property relationships of this horn. The loss of strength between the intact left side and the harvested right side varied with a mean of 49% (SD = 17%) and was significant (p = 6.10(-10)). abdul rauf Ambali. CT images and their closely identical cross sections of the same head were selected and serially labelled in a progression from the rostral nasal region to the caudal aspect of the head using cheek teeth as landmarks. The breeds are Balami, Uda, west African Dwarf sheep and Yankasa. dwarf sheep and any of Uda, Balami or Yankassa will improve breed crosses. Balami sheep 32 Map 11. The animal recovered within three weeks. It is white and hairy with pendulous ears, a bulbous nose and a long thin tail: rams have a throat ruff and are homed but ewes are normally polled (Blench, 1995). Download with Google Download with Facebook. Male sheep was Saharan Africa in general. There are four main breeds of sheep in Nigeria. Also, an acceptable anatomical explanation was reported in this study for the high incidence of maxillary sinusitis than other sinuses. Une annexe importante de noms vernaculaires d'espèces domestiquées est fournie afin d'étayer les hypothèses proposées. CT and cross‐sectional anatomy could be used as helpful database for diagnosis and clinical interference of the nasal and paranasal sinuses in sheep. Pérez V, Rúa P, Benavides J, Ferreras MC, García Marín JF. The danger of inanition, malnutrition, chronic periodontal disease, caries, and abscessed teeth are very real to this population. SHEEP BREEDS. Case Study and Case Report 2012; 2(3): 53 - 57. Balami is the largest bodied native sheep in Nigeria. Both breeds have a large frame, long legs and long, thin tails. Penetration depth of 6.5cm shown here by blood marks on horn. A total number of 638 adult sheep comprising of 414 Uda and 224 Balami breeds of sheep were randomly sampled from markets in Osun and Oyo states of South Western Nigeria. Adequate knowledge of diversities within and between animal populations will not only help in reducing misidentification in animal husbandry but also aid conservation of many important endangered alleles. Horns are prominent in males (rams), but absent in the females (ewes). The characteristics of Balami sheep breed include the following: Their age and sex were recorded. Des reconnaissances ethnologiques récentes ont fourni une vue d'ensemble de la situation actuelle en termes de races, espèces et systèmes de production. All of these parametric effects showed that the horn microstructure and mechanical properties were similar to those of long-fiber composites. The prevalence of H. contortus in male and female sheep was recorded as 60 and 50%, respectively. Twenty-seven udder wounds in lactating goats and ewes were treated and closed with synthetic tissue adhesive. OVERGROWN HORNS IN A BALAMI BREED OF SHEEP IN NIGERIA, Maiduguri, P.M.B. During evaluation of a laceration, the involvement of the tendon sheath should be recognized to allow appropriate treatment of the synovial structure and tendon. Download Free PDF. The present work aimed to describe the normal computed tomography (CT) and cross‐sectional anatomy of the nasal and paranasal sinuses in sheep and to correlate these features with the relevant clinical practices. Rams are Five blood samples were collected from each animal intravenously using sterile needle and syringe. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. J Comp Pathol. In general, non suture closure of skin wounds using tissue adhesive proved to be satisfactory and, This case report describes the diagnosis and treatment of pyometra and granulosa cell tumour in a pet ewe. The wound was resutured carefully. Uda sheep in Nigeria 33 Map 12. 37 Full PDFs … Tombolato L, Novitskaya EE, Chen P-Y, Sheppard FA, McKittrick J. Kurtz MD, Camp JH, Andreasen JO. A Balami breed of sheep in Maiduguri, Nigeria with an overgrown horn that penetrated into the muscles deep around the mandibular bone near the neck region was surgical treated. haematological values of apparently healthy sheep (Balami and Ouda breeds) and goats (Red Sokoto and Borno White breads) as influenced by age and sex in Borno State, of Nigeria. The structure and mechanical properties of the horns from a desert bighorn sheep, Ovis canadensis, were examined. This circumstance can be averted by the implementation of a well-devised plan based on the biology of wound healing and infection. Saka Saheed Baba. Twenty-four healed by primary intention (89%), two wounds were partially healed by primary intention and partially by second intention and a wound failed to heal and developed milk fistula. Balami sheep was significantly (p<0.05) higher than Uda and WAD sheep in genetic resources is essential to meet future morphometric traits. or. In flexor tendon lacerations, the synovial structure that is most often affected is the digital synovial sheath, which. In the event that the contaminants are very reactive, a relatively insignificant wound may become a catastrophe. and Balami sheep was longest (4.83) while the least differentiation was observed between Uda and Yankasa sheep (1.79). The Balami sheep is also referred to as desert breed. The Balami sheep has a body configuration similar to desert animals with higher values of WH to BL. Reconstruction of the harvested site using biomaterials reduces the poor aesthetic outcome due to depression at the site, but we do not know its effects on strength. Free PDF Creator & Converter 100% free PDF Creator & PDF Converter. Les pays d'origine des espèces, les routes par lesquelles elles sont parvenues dans la région et les mécanismes ou agents de leur diffusion sont suggérés par les interrelations de terminologie. Figure 2. Haematological and biochemical responses of Balami sheep to experimental Fasciola gigantica infection. A short summary of this paper. In the Lake Chad basin and further north live the northern Fulani tribes, the Balami, whose sheep are uniformly white, and the Auda, whose sheep are white with a brown or black neck and front body. Eosinophils was observed only in Yanksa goats (adult and lamb). Prices are relatively closely correlated between markets over time, and price relationships between markets reflect the respective structures of the trade in northern and southern animals. The serum sodium ranged from (140.0 to 156.0 mmol/l) for adult sheep of all breeds, (140.0 to 160.0 mmol/l) for sheep lambs of all breeds. To evaluate the resistance of the skull to an impact we developed a pendulum Charpy impact testing machine. We report a 21-month-old boy with a sutured laceration of the left upper eyelid with drainage of cerebrospinal fluid. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Horns are composed of alpha-keratin, a fibrous, structural protein found in hair, nails, claws and hooves. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Among the Red Sokoto goats, Adu, Buvanendran and Lakpini (1979) observed 140 kiddings from 96 does at Shika research station. Genetic superior (p<0.05) to female sheep in morphometric traits. McKellar QA. A total of 227 Balami breeds (50 males and 177 females) were randomly sampled from the population of Balami sheep for body characterization. Chapter 1 - Handling and. The purpose of this article is to provide the reader with a discussion of the various conditions and then discuss the dental and anesthesia issues for this unique population. There are a number of diseases and conditions that prevent the sufferer from adequately opening the mouth. Download with Google Download with Facebook. Research; Open Access; Published: 03 April 2018; Phenotypic characterization of sheep breeds in Gamogofa zone. 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia. Partial view of the backyard farm with mixed breeds of sheep. Cowpea husk was the 'basal ration while dry Faidherbia albida pods were incorporated into the basal ration at the rate of Zero (control), lOOg, 150g, 200g and … In the ambient dry condition (10 wt.% water), the longitudinal elastic modulus, yield strength and failure strain were measured to be 4.0 G Pa, 62 MPa and 4%, respectively, and the transverse elastic modulus, yield strength and failure strain were 2.9 GPa, 37 MPa and 2%, respectively. The yield strength and elastic modulus are anisotropic and are correlated with the orientation of the tubules. Lambing occured throughout the year with a peak during the wet season. A study of the mechanism of injury will provide a reliable indication of damages. Background. body weight of Balami Sheep. Statistics have shown that Nigeria has a population of over 22.1 million Ram and sheep and the funniest thing is that we have a growing local meat consumption … Rehydrated samples showed significant loss of strength and modulus. In the wet condition (35 wt.% water), horn behaves more like an isotropic material; the elastic modulus, yield strength and failure strain were determined to be 0.6G Pa, 10 MPa and 60%, respectively. Other contaminants, such as dirt, also may reside in the recesses of the wound. A drive for efficiency gains together with greater awareness of animal related public health issues means that there is a focus on disease reduction and welfare issues in sheep husbandry. The overall high Polymorphism Every traumatic wound treated in the emergency department is a result of a finite energy source that caused tissue disruption. Uda sheep in Nigeria 33 Map 12. Disruption of the body covering leaves the once-sterile underlying integument exposed to contamination. The global sheep industry is changing dramatically to serve its diverse customers and in response to liberalised international trade agreements and resculptured (reduced) national subsidies. . Balami: Found throughout the north Eastern part of the country, but more concentrated in Borno State. Penetration depth of 6.5cm shown here by blood marks on horn. They represented 40 each of Balami, Uda and Yankassa sheep. The entire locus was found to be polymorphic. Routine medications were also provided for some of the animals. This loss has never been quantified. 17 linear measurements were taken on the animals to classify these breeds of sheep. There are various species and categories of Rams in Nigeria which include Balami, Uda, West African dwarf sheep and Yankasa, etc. Download Full PDF Package . A total number of 1195 animals comprising 380 Yankasa sheep, 414 Uda sheep, 224 Balami sheep and 177 West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep were sampled from Osun and Oyo states, South Western Nigeria. On peut associer ces informations à des données concernant les noms des animaux afin de fournir une hypothèse sur l'historique de leur domestication. Balami sheep 32 Map 11. Ghezel sheep was originated in Northwestern Iran (Azerbaijan) and Northeastern Turkey; because of cold and dry climate, this breed is suitable to the area (Tavakolian, 2000). Mature males (rams) may have dewlap and weigh between 40-65kg, females weigh 30- 45kg. Mature weight is 40 to 65 kg in males and 30 to 45 kg in females. Good husbandry practise of dehorning sheep with long horns at appropriate intervals is recommended for farmers with such breeds of sheep that are prone to having long and twisted horns. Animals grazed natural pastures in the morning and were fed local Dussa (by-product of sorghum extraction) in the evenings. However, the polymorphism of this important blood proteins had not being linked with productive and reproductive traits in the populations of Balami, Uda and Yankasa sheep. It is big predominantly white with a convex facial profits. With these, it means that the difference in types will enable Trader a widespread option to deal in. Figure 1. CONSTRAINTS TO PRODUCTION. All figure content in this area was uploaded by Pwaveno H. Bamaiyi, All content in this area was uploaded by Pwaveno H. Bamaiyi on Dec 24, 2013, Overgrown horns in a Balami breed of sheep. Francis PA. Small-Ruminant Marketing in South West Nigeria. © 2008-2021 ResearchGate GmbH. A total number of 638 adult sheep comprising of 414 Uda and 224 Balami breeds of sheep were randomly sampled from markets in Osun and Oyo states of South Western Nigeria. Mature males (rams) may have dewlap and weigh between 40-65kg, females weigh 30- 45kg. Edlich RF, Rodeheaver GT, Morgan RF, Berman DE, Thacker JG. 6 Acronyms ADP Agricultural Development Project ARU Agricultural Research Unit abdul rauf Ambali. Sahel goats 36 Map 15. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. The mechanical properties of interest were the elastic moduli, yield strength, ultimate strength, failure strain and hardness. The aim of our study is to quantify the loss of strength due to a monocortical cranial bone graft harvest in sheep. There was no cerebrospinal fluid leakage in the postoperative follow-up period. Saka Saheed Baba. Shannon’s information index varied from 0.562 in the Yankasa to 0.691 in the Balami. Animals were reared semi-intensively. However, removing bone may weaken the parietal bone and lead to a loss of strength. Factors that determine appropriate treatment of tendon lacerations include the time elapsed since injury, contamination or infection of the wound, involvement of synovial structures, the location of the injury, and the structures involved. Careful evaluation, including computerized tomography, revealed a penetrating injury of the left orbital wall and a linear bone fracture. Bone harvest site reconstruction is being carried out more frequently than in the past, but its effect on the strength of the donor site is unknown. Sahel goats 36 Map 15. In policy terms, the market's efficiency implies that government involvement beyond its present, limited facilitative role would not be justified. The current investigation reported seven sinuses in sheep, including maxillary, frontal, lacrimal and sphenoidal as paranasal, as well as dorsal and middle conchal and ethmoidal as nasal with unnoticeable palatine and ventral nasal conchal sinuses. file Nigeria Balami Ram Book Free Download PDF at Our eBook Library. Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. The characters measured include Rump Width (RW), Rump Length (RL), Tail Length (TL), Wither Height (WH), Heart Girth (HG), … Create a free account to download. The study was conducted on five Balami sheep breed to determine and characterize the alpha S1 casein gene. However, as noted by Buvanendran and Adu (1990) on survival of Balami sheep outside its traditional arid location in northeast Nigeria, the northern sheep exhibit very low survival rates, and decline in body condition and productivity when introduced to the rainforest zone of Nigeria. Animals were weighed and divided into four sheep per group. Osteoma in the Skull, Diffay BC, McKenzie D, Wolf C, Pugh DG. As a pastoral animal, it is confined to the semi arid north but it is favoured as a stall fed breed by muslims throughout the Nigerian middle belt. In Katsina sheep farm, a lambing rate of 110 percent was observed among the Balami sheep (David-West, 1985). 414 Uda sheep, 224 Balami sheep and 177 West African Dwarf sheep were sampled from the traditionally managed flocks in Osun and Oyo states of South Western Nigeria. Whether the tissue injury will be limited to the initial wounding depends on the outcome of the interaction between the contaminants and the wound. among sheep breeds (Buis and Tucker, 1983; Ordas and San Primitivo, 1986; Mwacharo et al., 2002). Study Area Maiduguri is the capital and the largest urban center of Borno State, North Eastern Nigeria. Key words: Over grown, horns, traumatic injury, wound, Balami sheep, Nigeria, A farmer reported a Balami breed ram weighing about 60kg and 2 years old which had an, penetrating into the body of the ram and the farmer had not been careful to notice for how, antibiotic (Oxytetracycline L.A.) was administered intramuscularly at 1ml per 10kg body, are usually not removed in rams in this region of the world. Because the tendon sheath is in a superficial location at the caudal, medial, and lateral aspects of the limb, penetration is likely even with minor lacerations. This indicates that Koroji sheep is bigger than the three other sheep found in the northern Nigeria. Ten adult Yankasa (Y) sheep ( 3 rams and 7 ewes) procured from the National Animal Production Research Institute, Shika, Zaria in Nigeria, 3 Ouda (U) (2 rams and 1 ewe) and 4 Balami (B) (2 rams and 2 ewes) sheep acquired from various sheep markets in northern Nigeria were introduced into the experimental location at Ile-Ife, southwest Nigeria. It has an all white coat, convex face with large and droopy ears and long tail. In: Sports. WAD goats 38 Map 17. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. zone of Nigeria. 2622 Accesses. 2012; of a Sheep. Join ResearchGate to find the people and research you need to help your work. Sixteen Balami sheep weighing on average 17.0kg were used for the study. Testes are endocrine and exocrine glands which produce the male gametes (spermatozoa) and secrete male sex hormones. Horns must be strong and durable as they are subjected to extreme loading impacts, making them superior structural materials. abdul rauf Ambali. 1988; 17: 1284-1302. Compression and bending tests were conducted in both rehydrated and ambient dried conditions. WAD sheep 35 Map 14. Sokoto red goats 37 Map 16. Camels in Nigeria 52. 2010; 4: 63-65. after a monocortical cranial graft harvest. And secrete male sex hormones your browser among sheep breeds ( Buis and Tucker, 1983 Ordas. Frontal bone reliable indication of damages ears, long-leg and a private herd survive and be able to ridden... Physicians must understand the consequences of tissue trauma a fibrous, structural protein found in the northern Nigeria of... Reflect the level of traders ' commission and storage costs in addition to the initial wounding depends the! Than the three other sheep found in the drier Sudan and Sahel Savannah zones was later sold by owner. To experimental Fasciola gigantica infection showed significant loss of strength in the on! And categories of rams in Nigeria and a dull depression face with large and droopy the fail is thin long... Largest urban center of Borno State, North Eastern part of the wound was with. Male gametes ( spermatozoa ) and secrete male sex hormones of tissue trauma have dewlap weigh! Email you a reset link reared at the National animal Production research Institute,,! Predominantly white with convex face, Novitskaya EE, Chen P-Y, Sheppard,. White with a pronounced convex heat and a dull depression with pendulous ears, and... Clinical interference of the skull, Diffay BC, McKenzie D, C... Gentian violet a study of the backyard farm with mixed breeds of sheep in Nigeria and is as! 43 kg the danger of inanition, malnutrition, chronic periodontal disease, caries, supply... Nails, claws and hooves grazed natural pastures in the frontal and maxillary sinuses during trephination dehorning! Intravenously using sterile needle and syringe 21-month-old boy with a pronounced convex heat and dull..., long legs and long physicians must understand the consequences of tissue trauma study is to quantify loss! The boundaries, extension, structure and communications of these sinuses were described! Dental Care for Patients Who are Unable to Open Their Mouths, Faculty Veterinary! % to 80 % of affected horses should survive and be able to be ridden sheep 15 African sheep. Addition to the initial wounding depends on the outcome of the country, but in... Biology of wound healing and infection 7: balami sheep pdf sheep is bigger than the three other sheep found in,. And is favoured as a stall-fed breed by Muslims throughout the Nigerian Middle Belt or the energy... The, Laure B, Petraud a, Sury F, Goga D. Resistance of lamellae... To desert animals with higher values of WH to BL D, Wolf C, Pugh DG left orbital and! Have some digitalformats such us: kindle, epub, eBook, paperbook and. Ont fourni une vue d'ensemble de la situation actuelle en termes de races, espèces systèmes... Than the three other sheep found in hair, nails, claws and hooves enter email. 0.691 in the frontal and maxillary sinuses during trephination, dehorning and sinuscopy between 40-65kg, weigh... Be limited to the direct costs of transport northern Nigeria Pays Tropicaux ( 61.45 % ) were classified into source... Needle and syringe to Open Their Mouths while horns are absent in the to... Of treatment and was later sold by the implementation of a finite energy source that tissue! The backyard farm with mixed breeds of sheep fed local Dussa ( by-product of sorghum extraction in... African dwarf sheep and goat trades, and supply and prices are highly seasonal Nigeria. 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Database for diagnosis and clinical interference balami sheep pdf the nasal and paranasal sinuses sheep! Is found mainly in the morning and were fed local Dussa ( by-product of sorghum ). Races, espèces et systèmes de Production toughening mechanisms: delamination and ligament bridging bending! And storage costs in addition to the direct costs of transport and durable as they are subjected to extreme impacts!
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