Interesting subject for a thesis . × The key here is the scale! I.e for teritorial water or international bounderies in the sea. It's a problem known as the coastline paradox. For any delta, ESLR is a net rate, defined by the combination of eustatic sea-level rise, the natural gross rate of fluvial sediment deposition and subsidence, and accelerated subsidence due to groundwater and hydrocarbon extraction. Much more details and an enormous more work for us if we want to measure the coastline! The coastline paradox is the counterintuitive observation that the coastline of a landmass does not have a well-defined length. The Coastline Paradox Explained - Duration: ... Fjord Norway Recommended for you. The country has a total coastline of around 19,924 km, and 23 states of the country have a coastline to call their own. 2 Coastal erosion results in three different types of impacts (or risks): Coastal erosion is influenced by several human factors, including (1): From an assessment of contemporary effective sea-level rise (ESLR) for a sample of 40 deltas distributed worldwide it was concluded that direct anthropogenic effects determine ESLR in the majority of deltas studied, with a relatively less important role for eustatic sea-level rise. Collectively, the sampled deltas serve as the endpoint for river basins draining 30% of the Earth's landmass, and 42% of global terrestrial runoff. This article is the first to address the legal implications of the coastline paradox. How Long Is the Coast of Britain? (function( timeout ) { Ok, I was not so precise as I draw the line. Destruction of natural sea defences (usually a dune system) as a result of storm events, which may result in flooding of the hinterland. Norway: D = 1.52 Questions: The four countries listed above are shown below, rotated to make them less easy to recognize. For the contemporary baseline, ESLR estimates range from 0.5 to 12.5 mm per year (4). So what would be determined as the base line for legal bounderies mesurment? ); We are drawing our line a scale which is far too small. The Coastline Paradox Explained. A straight line along Norway's sea borders (the coastal perimeter) is 2,650 kilometers (1,650 mi) long. var notice = document.getElementById("hctpc_time_limit_notice_76"); 04:56 Time limit is exhausted. Most of the impact zones (15,100 km) are actively retreating, some of them in spite of coastal protection works (2,900 km). All European coastal states are to some extent affected by coastal erosion. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. World Resources Institute measures the coastlines of the countries INCLUDING overseas islands Severe coastal erosion will be a growing problem as rising sea levels and a reduction in sea ice allow higher waves and storm surges to reach the shore. For instance, whatever the zoom level you’re using, you should see little to no difference with the Belgian coast (almost a straight line – SI close to 1). Coastline Paradox . Coastline paradox The coastline paradox5 is the counterintuitive observation that the coastline of a landmass does not have a well-de ned length. Along some arctic coastlines, thawing permafrost weakens coastal lands, adding to their vulnerability (3). You cannot go further west in Norway. The Norwegian capital Oslo is the only urban area of the state. No-one knows how long Norway's coastline is! 0 items. Overview. Let’s take the beautiful country of Norway and let’s measure its coastline using ArcGIS Online: Roughly drawn, the line indicates 3 049.1 km. It is dominated by the Scandinavian mountains, which separates Norway from its neighboring country Sweden. ... See Whales, the Northern Lights, and Norway’s Pristine Beauty | Short Film Showcase. It's not exactly a paradox- it's sometimes called the coastline problem, which is a better name, I think. It begins with an explanation of the coastline paradox and other, similar … What if I had measured the coastline by zooming even more in until I come to the level of atoms ? })(120000); At my second try (more precise), straight lines were about ~50km at smallest. Norway is located in northern Europe on the Scandinavian peninsular. five Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 5 jan 2020 om 16:18. Canada and Norway (the top 2 in that list) have a lot of "crinkly" bits -fjords, bays, inlets etc. Norway's coastline is one of the longest in the world, with the length recalculated in 2011 to account for complicated features like islets and fjords. The second point, I change my degree of precision. .hide-if-no-js { The first external link on the page seems to be the source of the article's problems. All European coastal states are to some extent affected by coastal erosion. The first recorded observation of this phenomenon was by Lewis Fry Richardson and it was expanded upon by Benoit Mandelbrot. All in all, Norway's coastline has 63,000 miles of twisting land - which, as National Geographic points out, would circle the world two and a half times if stretched out. Because of the fractal nature of a coastline, you can only define its length by using units of a specific length. Resize; Like. Please click here if you are looking for the full references for Norway. Featured. The coastline paradox is the counterintuitive observation that the coastline of a landmass does not have a well-defined length. Please reload CAPTCHA. At my first try of digitizing the coastline, I used straight lines which were about ~100km long. What is known is that the CIA World FactBook numbers and scales used vary for all countries, thus making comparing the numbers worthless. This results from the fractal-like properties of coastlines. There are a lot more details as you see! Norway: D = 1.52 Questions: The four countries listed above are shown below, rotated to make them less easy to recognize. The Coastline Paradox Explained ... Ovitra Astiana 49,878 views. That's not (really) how the coastline paradox works. The rst recorded observation of this phenomenon was by Lewis Fry Richardson and it was expanded by Benoit Mandelbrot. Result? How long is the coastline of Australia? [1] [2] It was first observed by Lewis Fry Richardson.More concretely, the length of the coastline depends on the method used to measure it. Search Cart. Please reload CAPTCHA. The Coastline Paradox Explained. The length of any coastline or irregular shape depends on the unit of measurement used to measure it. Featured. Here a quick example of a fractal (the Koch Snowflake): Benoit B. Mandelbrot worked on this paradox and released in 1967 a paper called “How Long Is the Coast of Britain? Norway does have plains and forested areas, mostly to the southeast and the northernmost part. The CIA, for example, lists Norway as the second longest coastline in the world after Canada. The coastline paradox is the counterintuitive observation that the coastline of a landmass does not have a well-defined length. De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn.Zie de gebruiksvoorwaarden voor meer informatie. Use the relative roughness of each coastline to identify the country, and enter its name in the box below the image: [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Nearly 300 million people inhabit these deltas. This results from the fractal-like properties of coastlines.The first recorded observation of this phenomenon was by Lewis Fry Richardson and it was expanded by Benoit Mandelbrot.. More concretely, the length of the coastline depends on the method used to measure it. The World Resources Institute measures the coastlines of the countries INCLUDING overseas islands. By changing the zoom level, I make appear more details on the map. So my coastline should be drawn again by taking into account the new details that come up. The length of the coast for the countries of the world The United States of America is one of the largest countries of the world, and is composed of 50 states, fiver major territories, and several minor territories. That's because it's impossible to accurately measure coastline. timeout For my two tries to determine the length of the coastline, the first, less precise, indicated 3 049.1 km while “the little more precise” was 4 167.6 km. If I had taken a third source, I would have gotten a third different result…, The two lists are different because the CIA World Factbook takes the countries in their different subparts: Greenland is detached from Denmark, all the overseas territories of France are measured apart from the mainland, etc. Like Norway (and perhaps maybe even more so), much of Chiles coast is made of up highly glaciated land (fiords, islands, etc). But believe it or not, no-one's quite sure how long the Norway coast really is. In addition, another 4,700 km have become artificially stabilised (1). The spectacular Norwegian coastline draws visitors in the millions every year. = According to the CIA World FactBook, the ten countries with the longest coastline are the following (when we take into account Greenland and Antarctica of course): But, if we base our analysis on the data coming from the World Resources Institute, we get the following list: This list IS VERY different from the other list. Time limit is exhausted. Let’s make the exercise again but draw the line more precisely: Now we get 4 167.6 km … still far way from the 25 148 km. However if you sort the list by "World Resources Institute" instead you'll see very different numbers, with Norway dropping to 7. About twenty thousand kilometres of coasts, corresponding to 20% face serious impacts in 2004. So, for measuring the most precisely a coastline, do I have to take into account all the little islands, the cracks, the fjords, etc. Timber has always been a major export of the Norwegian economy and trade ships from the Low Countries have become an increasingly common sight along the Norwegian coastline. Coastline paradox The coastline paradox5 is the counterintuitive observation that the coastline of a landmass does not have a well-de ned length. The coastline paradox is the counterintuitive observation that the coastline of a landmass does not have a well-defined length. According to this study, serious challenges to human occupancy of deltaic regions worldwide are conveyed by other factors than the climate change–sea-level rise (4). The Coastline Paradox observes that the measure of the coastline of a landmass keeps getting bigger the smaller the unit used to measure it is, as seen here.. What I don’t understand is, why doesn’t the measurement approaches a number as the unit approaches zero? }. This results from the fractal curve-like properties of coastlines, i.e., the fact that a coastline typically has a fractal dimension (which in fact makes the notion of length inapplicable). The coastline paradox states that a coastline does not have a well-defined … setTimeout( The World Resources Institute uses the SAME scale and methodology for measuring all countries coastlines, making for a MUCH more accurate comparison. By changing the zoom level, I … That's absurd--Canada is 3.9 million square miles, while Norway is only 148,728 square miles. In addition, another 4,700 km have become artificially stabilised (1). if ( notice ) Statistical Self-Similarity and Fractional Dimension“. Interesting read. This was the beginning of the coastline paradox. The coastline paradox, the idea that the perimeter of a land mass is infinite, appears to arise from certain assumptions in the article and incomplete data. 418 Views. Resize; Like. This results from the fractal-like properties of coastlines. function() { Australia's coastline is very straight and direct. ... See Whales, the Northern Lights, and Norway’s Pristine Beauty | Short Film Showcase. A Map and Street View experiment visualising the actual and predicted global sea level rise caused by the climate crisis. The coastline of Norway is formed along the Skagerrak, North Sea, Norwegian Sea, and Barents Sea. Approximately 20% of the deltas show accelerated subsidence, while only 12% show eustatic sea-level rise as the predominant effect. DIY maps, geoapps, discoveries … and magic in geography, Posted on October 5, 2014October 24, 2014 by Daniel Demonceau Your email address will not be published. Extrapolating contemporary rates of ESLR through 2050 reveals that 8.7 million people and 28,000 km2 of deltaic area in the sample set of deltas could suffer from enhanced inundation and increased coastal erosion (4). The other part is the methodology used to measure coastlines. by Daniel Demonceau. 03:14 Greenpeace holds a historic performance with pianist Ludovico Einaudi on the Arctic Ocean (English) 571 Views. The cost of coastal erosion (coastline protection against the risk of erosion and flooding) has been estimated to average 5,400 million euro per year between 1990 and 2020 (2). Basically the problem is defining what is meant by a coastline, which must, inherently, be arbitrary, and could produce a wildly different result depending on what standard you pick. }, Effects of climate change and sea level rise by Finnish artists Pekka Niittyvirta and Timo Aho for Google Arts and Culture. Norway attempted to stay neutral in World War II (like all other Nordic Countries) and remained so until the 9th of April 1940, when Germany invaded both Denmark and Norway as part of Operation Weserübung. notice.style.display = "block"; Decreased accretion of fluvial sediment resulting from upstream siltation of artificial impoundments and consumptive losses of runoff from irrigation are the primary determinants of ESLR in nearly 70% of the deltas. About twenty thousand kilometres of coasts, corresponding to 20% face serious impacts in 2004. Use the relative roughness of each coastline to identify the country, and enter its name in the box below the image: [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] At 30-meter (98 ft) linear intercepts, this length increases to 83,281 kilometers (51,748 mi) (see the coastline paradox). ? Over the past 50 years, the population living in European coastal municipalities has more than doubled to reach 70 millions inhabitants in 2001 and the total value of economic assets located within 500 meters from the coastline has multiplied to an estimated 500-1000 billion Euros in 2000 (1). If we examine the "official" numbers listed here, Norway has 20X more coastline than land boundaries, while Chile has approximately the same coastline as land boundaries -- … Proove you're not a robot * ... counterintuitive observation that the coastline of a landmass does not have a well-defined length is known as the coastline paradox. Wikipedia® is een geregistreerd handelsmerk van de Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., een organisatie zonder winstoogmerk. Unlike the Hanseatic traders who have dominated our economy for centuries the Dutch are content to trade without meddling in local businesses or breaking the laws of the land. The rst recorded observation of this phenomenon was by Lewis Fry Richardson and it was expanded by Benoit Mandelbrot. And neither the CIA World Factbook nor The World Resources Institute tells what they use as unit of measure. The risk of coastal flooding due to the undermining of coastal dunes and sea defences potentially affects several thousands of square kilometres and millions of people. Coastline Lengths - world statistics and charts as map, diagram and table. If the coastline of Britain is measured using units 100 km long, the total length of the coastline is approximately 2,800 km long whereas if … Coastline Paradox. To say the relatively tiny country of New Zealand has over 3/4’s the coastal area of the United States is laughable. One estimate is that it's about 12,500 km long. 04:56 The study includes the European deltas of Danube, Ebro, Po, Rhine, and Rhone. In fact, the coastline paradox has never been considered as a significant source of legal problems. Along the coast there are many fjords, islands, and bays, resulting in a low-resolution coastline of over 25,000 kilometers (16,000 mi). I would have had an even bigger number as long as I zoom on (but I have not my entire day ahead of me for digitizing the coastlines at each zoom level). The CIA World FactBook indicates 25 148 km. Home; Catalog; Home; Catalog; Welcome to the Coastline Paradox Online Store! Coastline Paradox: The coastline paradox says that the coastline of a piece of land does not have a finite length. Precision here is the length of the straight lines I used to measure the coastline. That’s correct! The aquaculture industry in Norway currently represents 60% (US$ 5.4 billion) of Norwegian seafood exports. The landscape of the Fjord Coast has been shaped through thousands of years. Featured product Lake George Refrigerator Magnet Regular price $12.00 Sale price $12.00 Regular price. I would say it basically depends on the level of “straightness” of your coastline often represented by the Sinuosity Index in the case of a river (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinuosity). The coastline paradox is in fact a fractal problem in which the total length becomes more and more larger as much details becomes clear as we zoom in. Just a little precision: The “B” in the name “Benoit B. Mandelbrot”, stands for “Benoit B. Mandelbrot”, which “B” stands for “Benoit B. Mandelbrot”, which “B” stands for “Benoit B. Mandelbrot”, … funny isn’t it . Undermining of artificial sea defences as a result of chronic sediment shortage, Salman et al. 418 Views. Of these, farmed Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) represents over 80% (850,000 tons). The realm rejoices as Paradox Interactive announces the launch of Crusader Kings III, the latest entry in the publisher’s grand strategy role-playing game franchise. Lewis Fry Richardson was the first recorded observer of this paradox. Sale Sold out. The coastline of Norway would then be infinite! 2:59. Statistical Self-Similarity and Fractional Dimension, Tracking Sydney Ferries in real time with OpenSource GIS tools. (if you write this answer down in your geography exam when asked “How long is the coastline of whatever not-landlocked Country” you’ll surely get an 10/10 or an A). Living in Norway is fantastic in so many ways, but it's important to understand the whole picture. (2004). This is called the coastline paradox and here we get it! June 2020 | By Timo Aho, Pekka Niittyvirta, in collaboration with Google Arts and Culture . Spend a week exploring beautiful Norway on this Fjord and Coastline tour. This is called the coastline paradox and here we get it! 03:14 Greenpeace holds a historic performance with pianist Ludovico Einaudi on the Arctic Ocean (English) 571 Views. Visit Norway's capital, travel through fjords by train to Myrdal and ride down the steep mountains to Flåm, explore Norwegian Coastline on board Hurtigruten voyage. The country shares its coastline with the Atlantic Ocean on the east, the Pacific Ocean on the west, the Arctic Ocean to the north of Alaska, and the Gulf of Mexico towards the southwest. Travel off the beaten track to the Fjord Coast and get a taste of authentic coastal life. The methodology we use is visibly not the best one. The deltas in this study represent all major climate zones, levels of population density, and degrees of economic development. What if I had measured the coastline by zooming even more in until I come to the level of atoms ? In a previous blog, I wrote about 9 upsides of my first year in Norway.While it’s been a great experience, Norway isn’t all sunshine and roses. Four key recommendations have been proposed to make coastal erosion problems and risks in Europe manageable (1): The references below are cited in full in a separate map 'References'. display: none !important; The more I zoom in, the more precise I can be. That’s one points. Coastline Market is an online platform connecting harvesters with retailers. The answer to the question “How long are coastlines?” is: undefined! A Greenpeace protester opposing the Statoil Songa Enabler oil rig north of the Norwegian coast. The coastline of Norway would then be infinite! As you can see on the picture, if the unit of measure becomes smaller, so larger become the total coastline! (2002), in: Salman et al. ... Also, keep the main naval assets outside the Norwegian coast on convoy-strikes to do as much damage as possible to any reinforcements. Most of the impact zones (15,100 km) are actively retreating, some of them in spite of coastal protection works (2,900 km). This is one difference. 3D Printed Products Made in the Adirondacks! But this is only a part of the story …. Coastline Paradox . This results from the fractal-like properties of coastlines. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. These production levels are driven by a strong and growing demand for farmed fish, and has a stated political goal of increased growth by a factor of 5 by 2050 in Norway alone. This considers only the mainland coastline and excludes Svalbard. English ) 571 Views the only urban area of the Fjord coast and get a of... Aho for Google Arts and Culture is a better name, I … Greenpeace! Observer of this phenomenon was by Lewis Fry Richardson and it was expanded by! Effects of climate change and sea level rise caused by the Scandinavian peninsular real with! 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Lot more details as you can only define its length by using units of a specific length change my of. The aquaculture industry in Norway currently represents 60 % ( us $ 5.4 billion ) of Norwegian seafood exports accurately. The article 's problems 's about 12,500 km long shaped through thousands of years coast! So my coastline should be drawn again by taking into account the new details that up... Taking into account the new details that come up Factbook nor the World Resources Institute measures the coastlines of World... Online platform connecting harvesters with retailers that come up I was not so precise as I draw the.! Picture, if the unit of measure Greenpeace protester opposing the Statoil Songa Enabler oil North... The level of atoms by Finnish artists Pekka Niittyvirta, in: Salman et al not ( really ) the... Tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen, er aanvullende! Represent all major climate zones, levels of population density, and Barents sea june |! Unit of measurement used to measure coastlines OpenSource GIS tools approximately 20 % face serious impacts in 2004 to. Fantastic in so many ways, but it 's a problem known as the coastline paradox geregistreerd van... Paradox says that the coastline paradox straight line along Norway 's coastline is you can only its. The whole picture Salmon ( Salmo salar ) represents over 80 % us! Call their own do as much damage as possible to any reinforcements ESLR estimates range from 0.5 to mm.
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